Solution: They consume a large amount of resources. They can benefit from the methods and project management techniques though which are applied to the systems development.

Solution: The statement is false. Frequency is a part of output design. File design contains capabilities and organization.

Solution: Signing on is a part of special system design considerations. It does not involve a step of execution. It involves identification, verification and authorization.

Solution: A test case is basically a documented set of activities that are carried out on the software in order to confirm its functionality to certain given inputs. Each test case would in turn have steps to address how we can check a particular test condition is satisfied or not.

Solution: Black box testing is conducted at the software interface. White box testing is predicted on close examination of procedural details.

Solution: The flow graph depicts logical control flow. Each circle in a flow graph is called a flow graph node, represents one or more procedural statements.

Solution: The number of regions of the flow graph corresponds to the cyclomatic complexity. All other options are invalid.

Solution: The option V(G) = E – N + 2 denotes the correct expression. Here, E is the number of flow graph edges. N is the number of flow graph nodes.

Solution: The answer is software reliability. It is estimated using historical and development data.

Solution: Software configuration management (SCM), also called change management, is a set of activities designed to manage change by identifying the work products that are likely to change.